Raman Spectroscopy in Forensic Science

     Hemoglobin(HGB) is responsible for carrying oxygen around the body. When carbon monoxide and hemoglobin combine, the formation of carbon oxygen hemoglobin (HBCO), so that hemoglobin loses the ability and role of oxygen, resulting in tissue asphyxia, carbon monoxide poisoning. At present, there are some deficiencies in the methods of measuring the carbon and oxygen hemoglobin saturation in blood. Therefore, it is of urgent practical significance to develop a rapid, accurate and nondestructive method for the determination of carbon and oxygen hemoglobin in blood. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful method for detecting molecular structure and is well suited for biological samples.

      Therefore, Raman spectroscopy is a promising method for detecting carboxyhemoglobin saturation. Accurate determination of the time of the crime is of great significance in court practice. For forensic investigators, estimating the age of a blood stain can be an important way to determine when a crime occurred, especially when blood is the only evidence available. If the time of the crime is known from other evidence, inferring the age of the blood stain can further confirm or rule out the possibility that the blood stain is related to the crime. At present, the actual method used to determine the time of crime in court has a large error. Raman spectroscopy has the advantages of simple sample preparation process and no need for other reagents, which makes the blood stain evidence at the scene well preserved and provides the possibility for further DNA detection.

      Raman spectroscopy has great application potential in the study of the structure and function of hemoglobin. It can not only detect the structural changes of hemoglobin and its surrounding molecules in hemoglobin, but also reflect the specific process of hemoglobin reaction kinetics.At the same time, hemoglobin Raman spectroscopy has a prominent advantage in the detection of abnormal hemoglobin in the disease state, the quantitative determination of blood oxygen saturation and the determination of methemoglobin content of blood substitutes. 

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